{"id":8,"date":"2019-01-28T20:37:04","date_gmt":"2019-01-28T20:37:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jazzgeschichte.de\/?p=8"},"modified":"2021-03-08T21:51:17","modified_gmt":"2021-03-08T20:51:17","slug":"was-ist-jazz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/?p=8","title":{"rendered":"Was ist Jazz?"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Was macht den <strong>Jazz<\/strong> aus, wo unterscheidet er sich von allen anderen musikalischen Genres?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>als musikalisches Ereignis, d.h. was passiert da anderes, was begeistert uns (oder andere nicht &#8230; warum auch immer)<\/li>\r\n<li>als musikalische Differenz: was machen die Musiker anders als ihre Kollegen<\/li>\r\n<li>als gesellschaftliche Dimension: was ist die Jazz-Szene? Worin unterscheidet sie sich von anderen musikalischen Unterhaltungsformen?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\r\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-104\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.rschleicher.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/G\u00d6-Jazzfestival-2017.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Wie hat sich diese Musikform entwickelt?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Aus dem musikalischen Fundus (europ\u00e4ische, (west-)afrikanische, kreolische Musiktraditionen, Musikpraxis, Musik im Alltag), wo hat es angefangen, welche Wege waren entscheidend, von 1850 bis heute?<\/li>\r\n<li>Jazz ist in Nordamerika entstanden, hat aber die ganze Welt begeistert, ist zu einer weltumspannenden Musikform herangereift, die heute mehr in Europa stattfindet, aber die Musiken der ganzen Welt assimiliert.<\/li>\r\n<li>Jazz-Musiker sind oftmals als Vertreter eines bestimmten Stils auf weltweite Tourneen gegangen, sind aber oft bereichert durch das, was sie dort zu h\u00f6ren und sehen bekamen, zur\u00fcckgekehrt. So hat sich im Rahmen der Globalisierung auch der Jazz globalisiert, hat Instrumente, Folklore und Lebensgef\u00fchle anderer als amerikanischer Regionen hinzugewonnen.<\/li>\r\n<li>Der Jazz hat sich in zeitlichen Epochen, in diversen Stilen entwickelt.\u00a0Die Instrumente des Jazz im einzelnen wurden durch Ihre Protagonisten, die besonders pr\u00e4genden Musiker, immer wieder variiert. Jazz-Performances\u00a0reichen von\u00a0Solo, \u00fcber kleine Formationen bis hin zur Big Band und es gibt auch Experimente mit gro\u00dfem Orchester oder Ch\u00f6ren.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<hr \/>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Roots of Jazz<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">African and European Fusion<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">African music featured complex cross-rhythms, slurs, melissma, falsetto, vibrato and simple melodies.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Call and response form was employed. The leader would throw out a line and a chorus responded.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Griots were African historians who kept complex records in their heads and related them via song. The Blues form may have derived from this West African culture.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Derision songs were popular.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">European music featured complex melodies and simple rhythms.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Characteristics of Early African-American Music<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Off beat and syncopated to simulate the complex cross-rhythms.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Based primarily on the pentatonic scale and other truncated scales.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Employed blue notes (flatted thirds, sevenths and later fifths) to eliminate half steps.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Ensemble style singing employed (no true harmony).<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Types of Early African-American Music<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Work songs were sung to ease the pain of hard work.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Field hollers.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Boat songs.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Corn shucking songs, etc.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Spiritual songs were songs based on white hymns and spirituals meant to praise God.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Lining out, a call and response form derived from African and British roots, was used in white and black churches because there was not enough money for hymn books.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Camp meetings and ring shouts became popular in black and white churches.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">In the early 1800s, white and black churches split and their Spirituals took separate paths.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Street vendors&#8216; songs were another form of early African-American music.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">There were also play songs.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Prison songs, which contributed to the Blues, were heard after the Civil War and Reconstruction.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h4><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Four distinct fusions have occurred:<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Early African-American folk music was a fusion of African and European musics to form work songs, etc.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Europeanized African-American folk music was a fusion of African-American folk and European music to form Spirituals, Minstrelsy, Vaudeville, etc.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Ragtime was another fusion of African-American folk with European band music.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Jazz-Rock or Fusion is a fusion of Jazz and its distant derivative, Rock.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><em>(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.allaboutjazz.com\/history-of-jazz-timeline-roots-of-jazz-by-aaj-staff.php\">https:\/\/www.allaboutjazz.com\/history-of-jazz-timeline)<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Was macht den Jazz aus, wo unterscheidet er sich von allen anderen musikalischen Genres? als musikalisches Ereignis, d.h. was passiert da anderes, was begeistert uns (oder andere nicht &#8230; warum auch immer) als musikalische Differenz: was machen die Musiker anders als ihre Kollegen als gesellschaftliche Dimension: was ist die Jazz-Szene? Worin unterscheidet sie sich von&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/?p=8\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Was ist Jazz?<\/span> weiterlesen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allgemein","entry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":248,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8\/revisions\/248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.jazzgeschichte.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}